Polyurethane ke thepa ea bohlokoa e ncha ea lik'hemik'hale.Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e ntle haholo le ts'ebeliso e fapaneng, e tsejoa e le "polasetiki e kholo ea bohlano".Ho tloha ka thepa ea ka tlung, liaparo, ho ea ho lipalangoang, kaho, lipapali, le sebaka sa sefofane le kaho ea tšireletso ea naha, lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane tse fumanehang hohle ke baemeli ba mekhoa e mecha ea lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa lik'hemik'hale le tšehetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa naha ea heso ho haha naha e matla.
Kamora lilemo tse fetang 20 tsa nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea thepa e tala ea polyurethane, e bonts'itse phetoho ho tloha ho phetoho ea boleng ho isa ho boleng.Theknoloji ea tlhahiso le bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea isocyanate li maemong a etelletseng pele lefatšeng.E kene nakong ea nts'etsopele ea theknoloji e keneng ntlafatsong ea boleng bo holimo.Hajoale, China e se e le setsi se seholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng sa lihlahisoa tse tala tsa polyurethane le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa, hammoho le sebaka se felletseng ka ho fetisisa lefapheng la lits'ebetso tsa polyurethane.
E le tlatsetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa polyurethane, lisebelisoa tsa katoloso ea polyurethane ke lintho tse ka sebetsanang le karabelo ea sehlopha se sebetsang ho ketane ea polymer ho holisa ketane ea limolek'hule le ho eketsa boima ba limolek'hule.Ke thepa e tala ea bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa polyurethane.Ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane, mahlahana a ho atolosa polyurethane a ka finyella lik'hemik'hale tse peli tsa lik'hemik'hale: ho atolosa le ho hokahanya sefapano ho finyella ts'ebetso e phahameng, ea boleng bo phahameng ba tlhahiso ea thepa ea polyurethane, e kang ho matlafatsa, elasticity, le ho rusolla ha lihlahisoa tsa thepa ea polyurethane. le tekanyo ya ho taboha.Fisiks le ts'ebetso e felletseng ea lik'hemik'hale tsa ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa oli, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo le ho hanyetsa kutu.
一、Karolo le ho hlophisoa ha moemeli oa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane
Moemeli oa katoloso ea polyurethane e bua ka amine e tlase ea limolek'hule le metsoako ea joala e nang le lihlopha tse peli tse sebetsang, tse ka hlahisang polymer ea mofuta oa line ka karabelo ea katoloso ea ketane.Ka ho sebelisa li-agent tse fapaneng tsa katoloso ea ketane, kapa ho fetola foromo ea katoloso ea ketane, karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ea litefiso tse fapaneng lia finyelloa, 'me lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane tse nang le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso lia hlahisoa.
Karolo ea li-agent tsa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane ho karabelo ea polyurethane synthesis haholo-holo e kenyelletsa:
(1) Polyurethane ketane ea katoloso ea ketane e na le sehlopha sa litšobotsi (amino le hydroxyl sehlopha) se ka etsang lik'hemik'hale ka isocyanate.Boima ba limolek'hule le karabelo e monate li ka etsa hore sistimi ea karabelo ea polyurethane e atolohe kapa e tiee kapele, e hlahise mohala o nang le boima bo boholo ba molek'hule Limolek'hule li na le ts'ebetso ea polymer.
(2) Li-extensions tse fapaneng tsa ketane li na le ts'ebetso e fapaneng.Ka ho sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-ajenti tsa katoloso ea ketane le litekanyetso, lokisa viscosity ea reactor, limolek'hule le meaho ea morphological ho ikamahanya le tlhahiso ea polyurethane le lihlahisoa tsa litsamaiso tse fapaneng le litlhoko tsa boleng.
3 - ho felloa ke mokhathala, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo, ho hanyetsa oli, ho hanyetsa kutu, joalo-joalo.
Liente tsa katoloso ea polyurethane hangata li arotsoe ka amine, joala le joala.Ho tloha ts'ebelisong ea litsamaiso tsa ts'ebetso le likarolo tsa ts'ebetso, dilate le diol li thehiloe haholo holima sistimi ea ts'ebetso le sebopeho sa ts'ebetso.Liente tsa khale tsa ho atolosa ketane ea mofuta oa dilate tse kang ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanol, le dihydramol e le 'ngoe ea shrinkable, joalo-joalo, li na le ts'ebetso e fokolang ho lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane,' me ke lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa katoloso.Moemeli oa katoloso ea ketane e nang le ts'ebetso e hlakileng ea lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane haholo-holo ke mekhahlelo e 'meli: dihanramine e nkhang hamonate le diol e nkhang hamonate.E bitsoa moemeli oa katoloso ea ketane ea ts'ebetso e phahameng.E tšoauoa ka reng e thata ea benzene.Matla, abrasion resistance, medium resistance and other properties.
Setsi sa katoloso ea diharamine e nkhang hamonate ha se feela tlatsetso ea bohlokoahali bakeng sa thepa ea letoto la polyurethane elastic.Setsi sa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane e atileng ka ho fetesisa, e mpe ka ho fetesisa, ebile e kholo ka ho fetesisa.
'Mele oa setso o tšelang polyurethane ka kakaretso o hlophisitsoe ka mekhoa e' meli, ke hore, li-prematures tsa maiketsetso, ebe li hlophisoa ka lisebelisoa tsa katoloso ea ketane bakeng sa ho tiisa.Ho ipapisitsoe le mofuta oa isocyanate, prefabricated e ka aroloa ka mefuta ea TDI le MDI.Ha ho bapisoa le tse peli, ts'ebetso ea TDI pele ho nako e tlase, 'me e tsamaellana haholo le li-amine tse sebetsang haholo tsa katoloso ea ketane ea amine;Ts'ebetso ea karabelo e entsoeng esale pele ea MDI e holimo, 'me ketane ea katoloso e thehiloeng ho hydroxy e nang le tiiso e tlase e thehiloeng ho hydroxyl.Ho ea ka litlhoko tsa maemo a ts'ebeliso le ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa, ho bohlokoa haholo ho khetha moemeli ea katoloso ea ketane ka mor'a khetho ka mor'a mofuta oa isocyanate.
二、 Mefuta ea lihlahisoa tsa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane e phahameng haholo le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebeliso
2.1 Moemeli ea ka sehloohong oa katoloso ea ketane ea arammer dihan amine
Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e ntle haholo le boleng ba boleng bo holimo, mochine o nkhang hamonate oa dihamine ke sesebelisoa se atileng ka ho fetesisa le se sebelisoang haholo ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane elastic.
Lisebelisoa tse atisang ho sebelisoa ka monko o monate oa dianramine haholo-holo li kenyelletsa 3, 3'-dichlori-4, 4'-diodes (MOCA: mofuta oa I, mofuta oa Ⅱ, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, joalo-joalo), 1,3-propylene glycol Habeli (4-amino benzoate ) (740m), 4,4′-sub-base-double (3-chlorine-2,6-diecene aniline) (M-CDEA), polyphamorethyl ether Diol two-pair aminbenzoate (P-1000, P-650, P -250, joalo-joalo), 3,5-tse peli ethylene torneramine (DETDA, eo hape e tsejoang e le E-100), 3,5-diracle Sulfenylene (DMTDA, e tsejoang hape e le E-300) le lihlahisoa tse ling.
Kakaretso ea litšobotsi tsa ts'ebeliso le nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tse kholo ke tse latelang:
Moemeli oa katoloso ea ketane ea MOCA ke moemeli oa pele oa katoloso ea ketane ea ts'ebetso e phahameng e tsetelitsoeng tlhahiso ea indasteri naheng ea heso.Ke boemo bo tiileng mochesong oa kamore.E na le litšoaneleho tsa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane tse ka sebelisoang ho latela polokeho le boiketlo, tse ka fihlelang litšoaneleho tsa litlhaloso le libopeho tse fapaneng.Elasticity ea polyurethanes e matla haholo, e phahameng-e khutlang, e hanyetsanang le ho apara ka mokhoa o matla, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho hanyetsa kutu le lisebelisoa tse ling tse akaretsang.E ka etsa lihlahisoa tsa boholo bo boholo.Ke ts'ebetso e felletseng ea li-agent tsa katoloso tse nkhang hamonate.Ho tloha ho nts'etsopele ea DuPont ka bo-1950, MOCA e nkile boemo ba bohlokoa lebaleng la polyurethane elasticity.Hajoale ke setsi se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane.E bohlokoa le ho feta tšimong ea ho tšela elasticity ea polyurethane.Hajoale, bahlahisi ba tsebahalang ba MOCA naheng ea China ke: Suzhou Xiangyuan New Materials Co., Ltd. (karolelano ea Jiangsu Xiangyuan Chemical Company), Huaibei Xingguang New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Chongshun New Material Technology Co., Ltd. . Hua Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. (eo pele e neng e le Binhai Mingsheng Chemical Co., Ltd.), Chizhou Tianci High -tech Materials Co., Ltd., ho phaella moo, ho na le Taiwan Shuangbang Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiwan Sanhuang Co. ., Ltd., le Katshan Kohshan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, tlas'a boetapele ba lik'hamphani tsa Chaena, theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea MOCA e tsoetse pele haholo.Ka mohlala, Xiangyuan New Materials e hlōla bothata ba bophelo bo botle ba mosebetsi oa basebetsi, tšilafalo e tebileng, le botsitso bo sa lekaneng ba tlhahiso ea nakoana ea hydrogenation ea hydrogenation ea hydrogenation.Mokhoa o tsoelang pele o etsa hore hydrogenation ea hydrogenation ea li-acoustics tse phahameng li hloeke le mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea MOCA, ho lemoha ho iketsetsa, ho koaletsoeng ka ho feletseng, tlhahiso e tala, ho lemoha li-solvents, lerōle le se nang lerōle, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla le ho tsoa ha zero.Sesebelisoa se tsoelang pele sa tlhahiso ea MOCA se fetohile moetsi oa lihlahisoa ea tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara oa polyurethane chain agent.
Ntle le moo, Xiangyuan New Materials e boetse e ntlafalitse li-Xylink740M le Xylink P letoto la katoloso ea li-agents, ka ho hlokomela ntlafatso ea letoto lena la lihlahisoa, ho khothaletsa baetsi ba thepa ea polyurethane ho ntlafatsa boleng, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, le ho atolosa lits'ebetso.
2.2 Moemeli ea ka sehloohong oa katoloso ea diol e nkhang hamonate
Li-agents tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo tse nkhang hamonate li kenyelletsa phenyl-phenolic hydroxyl-based ether (HQEE), interciphenylbenols, hydroxyl ether (HER), le motsoako oa hydroxyethyl-based phenolic pyrodhenol (HQEE-L), Hydroxyethylhhexybenol motsoako (HER-L), joalo-joalo. e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa tšebetso tsa MDI, e leng ntho e se nang chefo le mofuta oa tšilafalo ea katoloso ea ketane.Kakaretso ea litšobotsi tsa ts'ebeliso le nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tse kholo ke tse latelang:
Moemeli oa katoloso ea ketane ea HQEE ke sebopeho sa limolek'hule se nang le symmetrical monko o monate oa katoloso ea diol.Ke karoloana e tiileng, e seng chefo, ha e na tšilafalo, 'me e halefisa.E na le tumellano e ntle le MDI mme e ka lelefatsa bophelo ba thepa ka katleho.Xiangyuan New Materials e hlahisitse HQEE, HER, Xylink HQEE-L, Xylinkher-L series chain agents.Boleng bo phahame ho feta lihlahisoa tse tšoanang lapeng le linaheng tse ling, 'me lihlahisoa li rekisoa lapeng le linaheng tse ling.
2.3 Lisebelisoa tse ling tse nkhang hamonate tsa katoloso ea ketane e nang le ts'ebetso e khethehileng
Ka ho phahama ha masimo a hlahang a polyurethane, liakhente tse ncha tsa katoloso ea polyurethane le theknoloji ea ts'ebeliso li ntse li khothaletsoa khafetsa ho fihlela tlhoko ea 'maraka oa polyurethane.Likhoebo tsa tlhahiso li thehile mefuta e fapaneng ea li-agent tsa katoloso ea ketane e nkhang hamonate.
Tianmen Winterine (DMD230) ke katoloso ea ketane e nang le beam tse peli tsa amin amino-free, e sebelisetsoang ho lokisa liphahlo tse se nang solvent kapa tse tiileng haholo.Ha ho bapisoa le li-polyette tse tloaelehileng tsa spray, sehlahisoa se na le karabelo e itekanetseng, ts'ebetso e ntle ea ts'ebetso, ts'ebetso e ntle ea kaho, le ts'ebetso e phethahetseng ea sehlahisoa.E na le gloss e ntle le liphello tse hlakileng tse nang le li-polycoges ha ho lokisoa mafura a chloride polycisotripocyanate, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le thepa ea mochine, liphetoho tse mosehla tse hanyetsanang le mosehla, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo hantle, le tšireletso e telele.Ho phaella ho marokho, lithanele, le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea fatše le matšoao a litsela, e ka boela ea sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse phahameng tse kang tse sireletsang le li-helicopter tse entsoeng ka letlalo tse entsoeng ka matla a matla a moea.Tlhahiso ea indasteri le tlhahiso ea sehlahisoa sena e tla thusa tsoelo-pele ea boleng bo phahameng ba ho roala.
Ho qhalana (311) ea metsoako ea diharamine e nkhang hamonate le sodium chloride (311) ke mofuta oa molekane oa diharamine e nkhang hamonate le matsoai a inorganic.E ka kopanngoa le mefuta e fapaneng ea polyurethane pre-polystants mocheso oa kamore.E loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa libopeho tse rarahaneng kapa tse kholo.Lihlahisoa tsa sebaka, microwave vulcanization, le liketsahalo tse ling tse hlokang nako e telele ea ts'ebetso, li ka sebelisoa hape e le ntho e phekolang epoxy resin.Lihlahisoa tse tšoanang li kenyelletsa Caytur 31DA United States, Xylink 311, Xiangyuan New Materials.
Lisebelisoa tse ling tse phekolang ka tlas'a metsi tse kang oxidazole, ketone amine, joalo-joalo li ka fokotsa monyetla oa ho roala kapa lihlahisoa tse ling ho hlahisa li-bubble sehlopheng se bohareng sa pheko, hape e na le sebaka sa tsoelo-pele.
三、 Boemo ba nts'etsopele ea liakhente tsa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane
Indasteri ea naha ea heso ea katoloso ea polyurethane e na le motheo o fokolang oa nts'etsopele.Matsatsing a pele, 'maraka oa katoloso oa ketane ea polyurethane haesale e ntse e laoloa ke likhoebo tsa machaba.Ho tloha lekholong lena la lilemo, sehlopha sa lik'hamphani tsa lehae tsa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane e emetsoeng ke Xiangyuan New Materials e atlehile ho roba bo-monopoli ba kantle ho naha ka mor'a lilemo tsa R&D le ho bokella theknoloji.Tse ling tsa lihlahisoa tsa naha ea heso tsa katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane li fihlile boemong ba lihlahisoa tse tšoanang tsa machaba.
E le moemeli oa katoloso ea amine polyurethane e pharaletseng ka ho fetisisa, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea MOCA e hōlile, e tsitsitse, e itekanetseng, 'me e loketse ho arabela.Lebaleng la ho tšollela 'mele o otlolohileng lits'ebetsong tse tlase, haholo-holo sistimi ea TDI, lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa polyurethane li bokelletse palo e kholo ea liforomo tse holileng tsa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane tse butsoitseng le ts'ebetso ea Essence MOCA e lekoa kamora lilemo tse ngata tsa mmaraka le moreki. itloaetsa.Theko e batla e phahame.Ka mor'a lilemo tsa tšebeliso, thibelo e itseng ea ts'ebetso e thehile.E na le karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka, 'me sebaka sa kopo se lula se atoloha.
European Chemical Administration, e le setsi se ikarabellang bakeng sa setifikeiti sa EU Reach, se ile sa fana ka tlaleho ka November 30, 2017. Ka mor'a ho bapisa likotsi tsa ts'ireletso, ts'ebetso, le litšenyehelo tsa theko, e ile ea etsa tlhahiso ea hore tšimong ea polyurethane elastic body, boleng ba sehlahisoa sa MOCA. Ts'ebetso, katleho ea litšenyehelo le melemo e meng e tsoetse pele, 'me hajoale ha ho na mekhoa e meng.
Indasteri ea katoloso ea polyurethane ea China e qalile morao tjena.Matsatsing a pele, ka lebaka la boemo bo tlase ba theknoloji ea tlhahiso, lisebelisoa tse fokolang tsa ts'ehetso, le litalenta tse sa lekaneng tsa R&D, 'maraka oa katoloso oa ketane ea polyurethane e se e le mong bakeng sa likhoebo tsa machaba.Ho fihlela lilemong tsa bo-1990, bahlahisi ba 'maloa ba katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane lapeng ba atlehile ho roba monopolies ea thekenoloji ea kantle ho naha ka mor'a lilemo tsa R&D le pokello ea botekgeniki, mme ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa tse ling tsa polyurethane ketane ea katoloso li fihletse boemo ba lihlahisoa tse tšoanang tsa machabeng.Haholo-holo, lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa Xiangyuan li etelletse pele ho aheng mochine o tsoelang pele oa tlhahiso ea MOCA oa 10,000 -ton -level.Boleng ba sehlahisoa le boemo ba tekheniki bo fihlile boemong bo tsoetseng pele le bo etelletseng pele lefatšeng.Hajoale, baetsi ba lehae ba MOCA ba khonne ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ionamine ea mahala.MOCA ea granular le mocheso o phahameng oa mosehla o fetolang MOCA lihlahisoa tsa letoto la MOCA li ratoa ke indasteri ea polyurethane.
Moralo oa "Leshome le Metso e Mehlano ea Lilemo tse Hlano bakeng sa" Leano la Lilemo tse Hlano la Lilemo tse Hlano "oa indasteri ea polyurethane e sisinya hore ntle le ho holisa tekanyo ea tlhahiso ea katoloso ea ketane ea boleng bo holimo ea MOCA, nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea mahlahana a macha a katoloso ea ketane MCDEA, E-100. , HER, HQEE le lihlahisoa tse ling li lokela ho eketseha.Ho ipapisitsoe le lihlahisoa tsa letoto la MOCA, ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa le lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane, lihlahisoa tse ling tse ncha tsa katoloso ea ketane le tsona li hlahile, li theha sebopeho se arohaneng le lihlahisoa tsa MOCA.
Ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji, lihlahisoa tse ncha tsa li-agent tsa katoloso ea ketane e nkhang hamonate li na le melemo e itseng ka lebelo la ho arabela, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho sebetsa, ts'ireletso le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho.Ts'ebeliso e ntse e hola butle butle, 'me palo ea kopo e ntse e eketseha.Ka mohlala, P-1000, P650, P250, 740M, ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa eona tse tala, tse se nang chefo, tse se nang chefo, butle-butle li ile tsa bula 'maraka oa kopo libakeng tse ngata.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka nts'etsopele le kholo ea tsamaiso ea MDI e se nang tikoloho, tekanyo ea tšebeliso ea li-ajenti tse phahameng tse nkhang hamonate tse kang HQEE le HER tse lumellanang hantle le tsamaiso ea MDI li eketsehile butle-butle, li fa polyurethane elasticity. bokhabane bo botle ba 'mele Lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng joalo ka ho hanyetsa mocheso le matla a ho tabola.Ntle le ho etsa lihlahisoa tse tšelang, e ka boela ea hlahisa lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa thermoplastic elastomic, tse ka imolohang.Libakeng tsa kopo tse nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane linaheng tse tsoetseng pele le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa polyurethane, mahlahana a ho atolosa liketane tse kang 740m, HQEE, HER li tebisa kopo.Moemeli o mocha oa katoloso ea ketane o na le melemo e fapaneng karohanong e itseng, 'me moeli oa tekheniki o batla o phahame.Hona joale, 'maraka oa malapeng o ntse o le sethaleng sa ts'ebetso ea kopo.
四, Paterone ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane
Indasteri ea polyurethane Amerika Leboea le Europe Bophirima e bokelletse nts'etsopele ea mashome a lilemo.Indasteri e na le matla a matla a botekgeniki indastering, mme mmaraka o batla o holile.Ka nako e ts'oanang, bareki libakeng tsena ba na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane, 'me tlhokahalo ea mahlahana a macha a katoloso ea ketane e potlakile ho feta MOCA.Hajoale, linaha tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka Europe le United States li nka karolo e kholo ea tlhoko ea li-agents tse ncha tsa katoloso.
Tšebeliso e kholo ea polyurethane tikolohong ea Asia-Pacific le linaha tse ling tse ntseng li hlaha e fetoha tšusumetso e kholo ea tlhokeho ea lefatše ea polyurethane.Har'a bona, sebaka sa Asia-Pacific e se e ntse e le 'maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa bareki ba polyurethane lefatšeng, o nka karolo ea 48% ea karolo ea' maraka ea lefatše;linaha tse ling tse ntseng li hlaha tse kang India, Brazil, Mexico, joalo-joalo, tlhokahalo ea polyurethane mehahong, thepa ea mohaho, thepa ea ka tlung le liindasteri tse ling e ntse e eketseha.Leha ho le joalo, ha ho bapisoa le linaha tse tsoetseng pele tsa Europe le United States, tse ling tsa libaka tsena libakeng tsena li ntse li le boemong ba pele ba indasteri.Ba ela hloko haholo theko ea thepa e tala indastering ea polyurethane mme ba ela hloko haholo ts'ebetso ea litšenyehelo le litšenyehelo.Nakong e tlang, nakong e tlang, sebaka sena se ntse se tla boloka tlhokahalo e phahameng ea li-MOCA tsa theko e phahameng.
Hajoale, lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa machaba tsa katoloso ea polyurethane, joalo ka Kazaka Kagosan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd., United States Air Chemical (ho fumana Winchuang ka 2016), le United States Coco (e fumanoeng ke Langsheng ka 2017), joalo-joalo. ., monopolized the world Boholo ba karolo ea 'maraka ea mahlahana a katoloso ea ketane, lik'hamphani tse ling tse nyane tse se nang ntlafatso ea indasteri -univesithi -tsamaiso ea lipatlisiso e felisitsoe ke phello ea boleng ba sehlahisoa le theko, le ho tsepamisa mohopolo oa ketane. indasteri ea katoloso e eketsehile le ho feta.Ka nako e ts'oanang, lik'hamphani tse kholo li boetse li itšetlehile ka matla a matla a lichelete le lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea morao-rao ho atolosa lisebelisoa tse tala le lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa, le ho theha mekhatlo e ikemetseng ea lihlahisoa le thekiso le litsi tsa R & D libakeng tse nang le lisebelisoa tse babatsehang, limmaraka, le maemo a basebetsi.
5. Boemo ba hona joale le tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea mahlahana a ho atolosa polyurethane
E le tlatsetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane, lisebelisoa tsa katoloso ea polyurethane li sebelisoa haholo ho sistimi ea CASE (ho kenyeletsoa liphahlo, likhomaretsi, ho tiisa le 'mele ea rekere) ka thepa ea polyurethane.Har'a tsona, 'mele oa polyurethane elastic ke thepa ea maiketsetso ea polymer pakeng tsa rabara e akaretsang le polasetiki.E na le elasticity e phahameng ea rabara le boima bo phahameng le matla a phahameng a polasetiki.Ka makhetlo a 5 ho isa ho a 10), e na le botumo ba "morena oa rabara e sa sebetseng" 'me e na le matla a matle a mochine, ho hanyetsa oli, k'hemik'hale ea lik'hemik'hale, ho hanyetsa ha flexion le ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase haholo le ts'ebetso ea ho pata.Ntle le mofuta o tloaelehileng oa ho tšela le 'mele oa thermoplastic polyurethane elastic, polyurethane elasticity material e boetse e kenyelletsa likhomaretsi, liphahlo, ho tiisa, lisebelisoa tsa ho betla, sole, letlalo la maiketsetso, fiber, joalo-joalo tse fetohang lisebelisoa tsa rekere tsa polyurethane.Ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea boemo ba tekheniki, elasticity ea polyurethane e nkeloe sebaka ke rabara, lipolasetiki le litšepe mafapheng a fapaneng a kang likoloi, merafo, khatiso, lisebelisoa, ts'ebetso ea mechini, lipapali le lipalangoang.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse tsoang mekhatlong e amehang, tšebeliso ea China polyurethane CASE ('mele o otlolohileng, liphahlo, letlalo la maiketsetso, ho tiisa le likhomaretsi) ka 2021 e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 7.77, 'me sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 11.5% ka 2016-2021 e ne e le 11.5%.
The elasticity ea Chinese polyurethane ka 2016 e ne e le lithane tse 925,000, 'me tlhahiso ka 2021 e fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 1.5, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 10,2%;karolelano ea kholo ea selemo le selemo ea tšebeliso e ne e le 12.5%.Ho hakanngoa hore ka 2025, tlhahiso ea 'mele ea polyurethane elastic ea naha ea heso e tla fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 2.059, tse ntseng li tla be li ntse li tsoela pele ka potlako.
Lefatšeng ka bophara, tlhahiso ea lefats'e ea polyurethane elastomers e fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 2.52 ka 2016 le lithane tse limilione tse 3.539 ka 2021, ka sekhahla sa selemo le selemo sa kholo ea 7.0%.Ka 2025, tlhahiso ea lefats'e ea polyurethane elastomer e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 4.495, e bonts'ang tsoelo-pele e potlakileng le e tsitsitseng.
Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) e na le khanyetso e ntle ea ho apara.Matla a eona a tsitsitseng a phahame, a lelelele, a hanyetsa oli, a hanyetsa mocheso o tlase, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo, 'me ho hanyetsa ozone ho hlahelletse,' me mefuta e mengata ea boima e pharaletseng.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ts'ebeliso ea 'maraka ea TPU e atolohile ho tloha indastering ea lieta ho ea ho mebaraka ea maemo a holimo joalo ka meriana, sefofane le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho.Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ho tloha 2014 ho ea 2021, karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea khōlo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhahiso ea TPU Chaena e ne e le holimo ho 14.5%.Ka 2021, tlhahiso ea TPU ea naha ea heso e ne e ka ba lithane tse 645,000.naha ea heso e fetohile naha e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea tlhahiso ea TPU.Palo ea lihlahisoa le thepa e romelloang kantle e eketsehile butle-butle lilemong tsa morao tjena.
Ho latela pono ea tlhokeho, 'maraka oa lefats'e oa TPU ha joale o shebane le libaka tsa Europe, United States le Asia-Pacific.Har'a bona, sebaka sa Asia se etelletsoeng pele ke China ke 'maraka o potlakileng oa tikoloho ts'ebelisong ea TPU ea lefats'e.Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa Elastic Special Committee ea China Polyurethane Industry Association, kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane naheng ea heso ka 2018 e fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 11.3, tseo tšebeliso ea polyurethane elastomers (TPU + CPU) e ka bang lithane tse limilione tse 1.1%. .
TPU e ntse e le e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse nang le kholo e potlakileng ea polyurethane haufinyane.naha ea heso e fetohile naha e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea bareki ba TPU.Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea khōlo ea selemo le selemo ea ts'ebeliso ea TPU ea Chaena ka 2017-2021 e ne e le holimo ho 12.9%, eo kakaretso ea eona e sebelisoang ka 2021 e neng e le lithane tse 602,000, keketseho ea 11.6% selemo le selemo.Ho ipapisitsoe le tlhahiso ea TPU ea lefats'e ea lithane tse limilione tse 1.09 ka 2021, ts'ebeliso ea TPU ea lapeng e feta halofo ea lefatše.Nakong e tlang, litlhoko tsa thepa ea lieta, filimi, liphaephe le lithapo li tla ba matla haholoanyane.Lefapheng la lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, lithapo tsa lithapo le filimi, e tla tsoela pele ho nkela thepa ea setso ea PVC sebaka.Ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho nka sebaka sa EVA tšimong ea thepa ea lieta.Ho lebeletsoe hore TPU e tla lula e le 10 nakong e tlang 10 10 %Kapa mokhoa oa ho hōla ho feta.Ho lebelletsoe hore tšebeliso ea eona e tla fihla ho lithane tse ka bang 900,000 ka 2026.
Ka keketseho ea butle-butle ea sekala sa tlhahiso, theko ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane elastic e tlase, mefuta e fapaneng e fapane ho feta, tlhokahalo ea mmaraka e ntlafetse, 'me nts'etsopele ea indasteri e potlakile.Ka nako ea "Leshome le Metso e Mehlano ea Moralo oa Lilemo", indasteri ea Case e lokela ho khothaletsa ka matla nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa ho ea ka litaba tse shebaneng le metsi, tse se nang solvent, le tse tiileng haholo;eketsa nts'etsopele ea CASE le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea maiketsetso ea sebopeho sa thepa e tala, e lebisang tlhokomelo ho metsi a polytianmen -to -pyrodramine polyphonus Application;tsepamisitse maikutlo holim'a ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa theory le thekenoloji ea boenjiniere e thehiloeng metsing;ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa, ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse ncha, ho atolosa sebaka sa ts'ebetso, le ho khothalletsa kaho ea mohaho o mocha oa mekhoa ea lipalangoang tsa terene, litsela tse kholo, kotopo ea borokho, phetiso ea motlakase, joalo-joalo Le ts'ebeliso ea lefapha la bongaka;ho khothaletsa tšebeliso ea tekheniki ea likhomaretsi tsa polyurethane bakeng sa zero formaldehyde ho eketsa lipoleiti tsa maiketsetso;hlahisa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng, tse sebetsang, le tsa boleng bo phahameng ba ammonia;matlafatsa theknoloji ea lipatlisiso le ts'ebeliso ea sebopeho sa thepa e sa keneleng metsi ea polyurethane, ts'ebetso, nako e tšoarellang ea nako;Khothaletsa tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane meahong e hahiloeng esale pele.
Litaelo tsa mantlha tsa nts'etsopele ea lebala la elastomer ke:
Polyurethane elastomers bakeng sa likoloi.Indasteri ea kajeno ea likoloi e ntse e tsoela pele ho ea ts'ebetsong e phahameng, boleng bo phahameng, boima bo bobebe, boiketlo le polokeho.Lisebelisoa tsa maiketsetso tsa rabara le tsa polasetiki butle-butle li nkela thepa ea tšepe sebaka, e leng se bulang tebello e pharaletseng ea ho sebelisoa ha polyurethane elastomers.
Polyurethane elastomers bakeng sa kaho.Thepa e tloaelehileng ea asphalt e sa keneleng metsi e fetotsoe butle-butle ke lintho tse tšoarellang, tse kenyelletsoeng kahong ea polyurethane e sa keneleng metsi;Tšebeliso ea pina ea lipapali ea polyurethane e ntse e eketseha le ho feta.Likarolo tsa katoloso ea Marokho a maholo, boroko ba seporo se lebelo le holimo, seporo sa boema-fofane le tsela e kholo ea likoloi le tsona li entsoe butle-butle ka PVC elastomer e tiileng ka mocheso oa kamore.
Polyurethane elastomer bakeng sa tšebeliso ea ka.Ho na le tlhokahalo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe tse nang le matla a phahameng a ho roala, matla a phahameng le elasticity merafong ea mashala, merafong ea tšepe le e seng ea tšepe.
Polyurethane elastomer bakeng sa lieta.Polychloride ester elasticity e na le melemo ea ts'ebetso e ntle ea buffering, boima bo bobebe, ho hanyetsa ho roala, ho hanyetsa skid, joalo-joalo, e fetohile lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tse tšehetsang indastering ea lieta.
Polyurethane elastomer bakeng sa tšebeliso ea bongaka.Tšebeliso e ntle ea biocompatibility, ts'ebelisano ea mali 'me ha ho na li-additives ke mabaka a bohlokoa a ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa TPU le CPU lefapheng la bongaka.Tšebeliso ea eona lefapheng la bongaka le bophelo bo botle e pharaletseng haholo.
Letlapa le lecha la motsoako oa polyurethane.Theknoloji ea thepa e kopantsoeng e lebelletsoe ho tlisa nako e ncha ea ho phatloha ha mmaraka bakeng sa li-elastomer tsa polyurethane.
六、Indasteri ea katoloso ea ketane ea polyurethane "Leano la bo14 la Lilemo tse Hlano" mokhoa oa nts'etsopele
Ho latela pono ea lefats'e, nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea lebala la kaho, indasteri ea likoloi, lisebelisoa tsa bohlale tsa elektroniki, matla a macha le liindasteri tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho li tsamaisitse tlhoko ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane haholo.Linaha tsa lefatše ka bophara tsa polyurethane li tsoelapele ho qapa theknoloji le ts'ebeliso, 'me li tla tsoelapele ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse ncha tsa polyurethane.Ka katoloso ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane lebaleng le boholo ba mmaraka o tlase oa 'maraka, tlhokahalo e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane e tla khothaletsa boqapi bo tsoelang pele le nts'etsopele ea li-agent tsa ketane ea polyurethane.
Lilemong tse 10 tse tlang, ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane libakeng tse ling tsa niche le eona e tla hola ka potlako.Litsebi tsa indasteri li sekaseka hore tlhoko ea lefats'e ea polyurethane e tla eketseha ka sekhahla sa 4.5% ka selemo.Har'a bona, sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa tlhokahalo ea polyurethane e hakanngoa hore ke 5.7% masimong a sehatsetsing, lieta, masela, boikhathollo le masimo a mang.Tlhokahalo tšimong ea lihlahisoa e eketsehile hanyane, mme ho lebelletsoe hore e ka ba 3.3% ka selemo.Linaha tse ntseng li hlaha sebakeng sa Asia-Pacific li tšehelitsoe ke theknoloji e ncha ea ho holisa lits'ebetso tse tlase, 'me tlhoko ea polyurethanes e tla fihlela sekhahla sa kholo ea linomoro tse habeli selemo se seng le se seng.
Joalo ka thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa indasteri ea polyurethane, indasteri ea tlatsetso ea polyurethane naheng ea heso e tlameha ho kenya tšebetsong mohopolo o mocha oa nts'etsopele.Ka tlase, sehlooho sa ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea boleng bo holimo ba indasteri ea polyurethane, ka tataiso ea ho khothaletsa indasteri ea polyurethane ho potlakisa kaho ea mokhoa o mocha oa nts'etsopele ea "dual -cycle", e shebaneng le botala, khabone e tlase, le dijithale. phetoho., Ho potlakisa kaho ea tsamaiso ea morao-rao ea indasteri, ho khothalletsa "likhaello" tsa lihlahisoa tse phahameng, "ho nka lisebelisoa tse phahameng" tsa theknoloji, "bula tsela e ncha" lihlahisoa tsa setso, le ho khothalletsa naha ea heso ho tloha polyurethane ho ea ho naha e matla.
Hajoale, polyurethane chain extender e se e le e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang tsa polyurethane bakeng sa merero e meholo ea meaho ea naha.Indasteri ea polyurethane chain extender e ntse e eketsa matsete a boqapi, e nts'etsapele molemong oa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, ts'ebetso e phahameng le boleng bo holimo.Ho ipapisitse le litlhoko tsa sebaka sa sefofane, tlhaiso-leseling ea elektroniki, matla a macha, likoloi, seporo se lebelo le holimo, lipalangoang tsa terene, litsela tse kholo, marokho a maholo, indasteri ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo le ts'ireletso ea naha, phetoho le ts'ebeliso ea katleho e ncha ea theknoloji ea polyurethane chain extender e potlakisa ho ntlafatsa boemo bo akaretsang ba nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea polyurethane.
Tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea polyurethane chain extender ke ho nts'etsapele lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo, tse tala tse nang le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho.Ha e hloekile feela ebile ha e na tšilafalo ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, empa hape e bolokehile ebile e tala ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebeliso ea ho khothaletsa botala ba tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane.Ea bobeli, ho ka ho eketsehileng atolosa tshebediso ya dihlahiswa le teng ketane extender, e le hore le teng profeshenale ketane extender tletse matla a macha kopo.Boemo ba thekenoloji ba likhoebo tse ling tsa lapeng tsa polyurethane chain extender bo lekana le ba lik'hamphani tsa machaba, empa lipatlisiso tse ling tsa kopo lia hlokahala ho etsa hore basebelisi ba bangata ba hlokomele bophahamo ba lihlahisoa, haholo-holo ho khothaletsa lihlahisoa tsa diamine tse mokelikeli tse nang le ts'ebetso e bonolo le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo. ho fana ka phello ea synergistic ea chain extender ho boloka matla le ho fokotsa tšebeliso le litšenyehelo.Ea boraro ke ho tsoela pele ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse ncha ho ea ka tlhokahalo ea 'maraka, ho fana ka lihlahisoa tse loketseng le tsa boleng bo phahameng bakeng sa indasteri ea polyurethane, ho finyella litlhoko tsa' maraka o tlaase le ho atolosa sebaka sa kopo.
Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane elastic, chain extender ke tlatsetso ea bohlokoa le ea bohlokoa e nang le palo e kholo le boleng bo phahameng bo ekelitsoeng, e leng bohlokoa bo boholo bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa.Ho phaella moo, ka lisebelisoa tse ling tsa polyurethane esita le polasetiki ea foam, polyurethane chain extender e na le phello e hlakileng ntlafatsong ea ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa.Indastering ea polyurethane, sebaka sa mmaraka sa polyurethane chain extender se seholo.E le ho ntšetsa pele le ho etella pele tsoelo-pele ea boleng bo phahameng ba indasteri ea polyurethane, hoa hlokahala ho matlafatsa lipatlisiso tsa kopo le ho phahamisa polyurethane chain extender, le ho ntshetsa pele mefuta e metle le ho feta ea polyurethane ketane extender tlas'a motheo oa ho ela hloko bophelo bo botle, matla. poloko, tšireletseho le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso, e le ho kenya letsoho haholo bophelong bo betere ba batho.
Nako ea poso: Feb-08-2023