ACID OXALIC

Oxalic acidke ntho e phelang.Mofuta oa lik'hemik'hale ke H₂C₂O₄.Ke sehlahisoa sa metabolism ea lintho tse phelang.Ke asiti e fokolang ea likarolo tse peli.E ajoa haholo 'meleng ea limela, ea liphoofolo le ea fungal.E etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng linthong tse fapaneng tse phelang.Ka hona, oxalic acid hangata e nkuoa e le mohanyetsi bakeng sa ho monya le ho sebelisoa ha likarolo tsa liminerale.Anhydride ea eona ke carbon trioxide.

Litšobotsi:Letlapa la monoclinic le se nang mebala kapa kristale ea prismatic kapa phofo e tšoeu, oxalic acid ha e na monko ka oxidation, tatso ea oxalic acid ka synthesis.Sublimation ho 150 ~ 160 ℃.E ka fetisoa moeeng o chesang o omileng.1g e qhibiliha metsing a 7mL, 2mL metsing a belang, 2.5mL ethanol, 1.8mL ethanol e belang, 100mL ether, 5.5mL glycerin, 'me ha e qhibilihe ka har'a benzene, chloroform le petroleum ether.Tharollo ea 0.1mol/L e na le pH ea 1.3.Tekanyo e lekanyelitsoeng (metsi =1) ke 1.653.Sebaka se qhibilihang ke 189.5 ℃.

Lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale:Oxalic acid, eo hape e tsejoang e le glycolic acid, e fumaneha haholo lijong tsa limela.Oxalic acid ke kristale e se nang 'mala, e qhibilihang ka metsing ho e-na le ho qhibiliha ka har'a metsoako ea tlhaho e kang ether.

Oxalate e na le matla a ho hokahanya 'me ke mofuta o mong oa tšepe e chelating lijong tsa limela.Ha oxalic acid e kopantsoe le likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe tsa lefats'e tsa alkaline, ho qhibiliha ha eona ho fokotsehile haholo, joalo ka calcium oxalate e batla e sa qhibilihe ka metsing.Ka hona, ho ba teng ha oxalic acid ho na le phello e kholo ho bioavailability ea liminerale tsa bohlokoa;Ha oxalic acid e kopantsoe le likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe tse fetohang, li-complexes tse qhibilihang li thehoa ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea ho hokahanya ha oxalic acid, 'me ho qhibiliha ha tsona ho eketseha haholo.

Oxalic acid e ile ea qala ho theoha ka 100 ℃, ea theoha ka potlako ho 125 ℃, 'me ea fokotseha haholo ho 157 ℃,' me ea qala ho bola.

E ka sebetsana le alkali, e ka hlahisa esterification, acyl halogenation, amide reaction.Karabelo ea phokotso le eona e ka etsahala, 'me karabelo ea decarboxylation e ka etsahala tlasa mocheso.Anhydrous oxalic acid ke hygroscopic.Oxalic acid e etsa metsoako e qhibilihang ka metsing e nang le litšepe tse ngata.

Oxalate e tloaelehileng:1, sodium oxalate;2, Potassium oxalate;3, Calcium oxalate;4, Ferrous oxalate;5, Antimony oxalate;6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate;7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.

Kopo:

1. Complexing agent, masking agent, precipitating agent, reduction agent.E sebelisetsoa ho etsa qeto ea beryllium, calcium, chromium, khauta, manganese, strontium, thorium le li-ion tse ling tsa tšepe.Tlhahlobo ea Picocrystal bakeng sa sodium le likarolo tse ling.Eketsa calcium, magnesium, thorium le likarolo tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše.Tharollo e tloaelehileng bakeng sa ho lekanya potassium permanganate le tharollo ea cerous sulfate.Bleach.Thuso ea dae.E ka boela ea sebelisoa ho tlosa mafome liphahlo tsa indasteri ea mohaho pele ho brushing bokantle leboteng barbotage, hobane lebota alkaline e matla e lokela ho pele borashe oxalic acid alkali.

2. Indasteri ea meriana e sebelisoang ha ho etsoa aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vithamine B12, phenobarbital le lithethefatsi tse ling.Indasteri ea khatiso le ho daea e sebelisoang e le thuso ea mebala, bleach, lipakeng tsa bongaka.Indasteri ea polasetiki bakeng sa tlhahiso ea PVC, li-amino polasetiki, urea - formaldehyde polasetiki.

3. E sebelisoa e le mohloli oa motsoako oa phenolic resin synthesis, ts'ebetso ea catalytic e bonolo, ts'ebetso e batla e tsitsitse, 'me nako e telele ka ho fetisisa.Tharollo ea acetone oxalate e ka tsosa karabelo e folisang ea epoxy resin le ho khutsufatsa nako ea ho folisa.E boetse e sebelisoa e le resin ea maiketsetso ea urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator.E ka eketsoa hape ka har'a sekhomaretsi se qhibilihang ka metsi sa polyvinyl formaldehyde ho ntlafatsa lebelo la ho omisa le matla a tlamahano.E boetse e sebelisoa e le urea formaldehyde resin folisa agent, tšepe ion chelating agent.E ka sebelisoa e le accelerant bakeng sa ho lokisa li-adhesive tsa starch tse nang le KMnO4 oxidant ho potlakisa sekhahla sa oxidation le ho khutsufatsa nako ea karabelo.

Joaloka moemeli oa bleaching:

Oxalic acid e sebelisoa haholo-holo e le ntho e fokotsang le bleach, e sebelisetsoang tlhahiso ea lithibela-mafu le borneol le lithethefatsi tse ling, hammoho le ho hloekisa litšepe tse sa tloaelehang, sesebelisoa sa ho fokotsa dae, ho etsa matlalo, joalo-joalo.

Oxalic acid e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho hlahisa cobalt-molybdenum-aluminium catalysts, ho hloekisa litšepe le 'mabole, le ho soeufala ha masela.

E sebelisetsoa ho hloekisa le ho phekola holim'a tšepe, ho ntšoa ha lintho tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše, khatiso ea masela le ho daea, ho lokisa letlalo, ho lokisa li-catalyst, jj.

Joaloka moemeli oa ho fokotsa:

Indasteri ea organic synthesis e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale.

Indasteri ea polasetiki bakeng sa tlhahiso ea PVC, li-amino polasetiki, urea - formaldehyde polasetiki, pente, joalo-joalo.

Indasteri ea dae e sebelisoa ho etsa botala bo botala joalo-joalo.

Indasteri ea ho hatisa le ho daea e ka nkela asiti ea acetic sebaka, e sebelisoang e le thuso ea 'mala oa dae, ntho e soeufatsang.

Indasteri ea meriana bakeng sa tlhahiso ea aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.

Ho feta moo, oxalic acid e ka boela ea sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa oxalate ester, oxalate le oxalamide lihlahisoa, le diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate le lihlahisoa tse ling ke tsona tse hlahisang litholoana tse ngata.

Mokhoa oa ho boloka:

1. Koahela sebakeng se omileng le se pholileng.E thibela mongobo ka thata, e thibela metsi le letsatsi.Mocheso oa mocheso ha oa lokela ho feta 40 ℃.

2. Boloka hole le li-oxide le lintho tsa alkaline.Sebelisa mekotla e lohiloeng ka polypropylene e kentsoeng ka mekotla ea polasetiki, 25kg/ mokotla.

Ka kakaretso, oxalic acid ke k'hemik'hale e sebetsang ka mefuta e mengata e sebelisoang liindastering tse fapaneng.Thepa ea eona e e etsa khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho hloekisa, ho hloekisa le ho soeufatsa, 'me e na le lisebelisoa tse' maloa indastering ea masela, ea ho lema le ea tšepe.Leha ho le joalo, mehato ea tšireletso e lokela ho nkoa ha ho sebelisoa k’hemik’hale ena, kaha e chefo ’me e ka ba kotsi haeba e sa tšoaroe hantle.