Acetic acidhangata e tsejoa e le ACOH, e reheletsoeng ka ho ba motsoako o ka sehloohong oa asene, 'me ke e' ngoe ea mafura a bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa.Sebopeho sa mahala sa tlhaho se atisa ho ba teng limela tse ngata.Molek'hule CH3COOH.Ho riteloa le ho sebelisoa ha asene ho na le nalane ea lilemo tse likete.Chaena ea boholo-holo, e ngotsoe ka asene.Empa acetic acid e nang le concentrated e ne e le Chemicalbook e atlehileng e entsoeng ke Stahl ka 1700. Pure acetic acid ke mokelikeli o se nang mebala 'me o na le tatso e hlabang.Sebaka se qhibilihang ke 16.6 ° C, ntlha e belang ke 117.9 ° C, 'me sekhahla se lekanyelitsoeng ke 1.049 (20/4 ° C).E qhibiliha ka metsing, ethanol, glycerin, ether le carbon chloride;e sa qhibiliheng ka carbonide.Li-cricket tsa metsing tse se nang metsi li kopantsoe ho ba leqhoa, le tsejoang ka hore ke ice acetic acid.E senyang.E fokola ebile e na le asiti ea manyolo, acidicity ea asiti, 'me e ka baka maikutlo a esterization ka joala.
Lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale:Acetic acid(AcOH) ke mono-weak carboxylic acid.E na le litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa li-carboxylic acid.E sebetsana le litšepe tse itseng, metal oxides le hydroxides ho etsa letsoai.Li-acetic acid tse ngata li na le ts'ebeliso ea bohlokoa.Basic ferric acetate [Fe(C2H3OO)6OH(OOCCH3)2] le [Fe3(C2H3OO)6(OH)2(OOCCH3)] le lead acetate li ne li sebelisoa e le mordant,' me ferrous acetate e ne e sebelisetsoa ho hatisa.Acetic acid le joala li ile tsa hlakoloa.Esterification e ka boela ea etsoa ka hydrocarbon unsaturated tlas'a ketso ea catalyst.Alpha-hydrogen e ka nkeloa sebaka ke halogens;Le formaldehyde tlas'a ketso ea catalyst, ho kena Chemicalbook line ea aldehyde condensation joala;Ha asiti ea nitric e na le asiti ea acetic, sekhahla sa nitrating se ka ntlafatsoa.Ho sebetsana le benzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride le benzoic acid e ka etsoa.Acetic acid e ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa, tse kang methyl acetate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, joalo-joalo, ke solvent e babatsehang indastering ea ho roala le ho penta.Cellulose acetate, e hlahisoang ke ho sebelisana ha acetic anhydride le cellulose, e ka sebelisoa ho etsa filimi, pente ea spray le lipolasetiki tse fapaneng.Carboxymethyl cellulose e ka lokisoa ka chloroacetic acid.The vinyl acetate e hlahisoang ke acetic acid le acetylene ke thepa ea bohlokoa e tala bakeng sa motsoako oa lithethefatsi, dae le linoko, hammoho le solvent ea bohlokoa bakeng sa phekolo ea rabara.Acetic acid e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea liindasteri le tlhahisong ea lintho tse phelang.
Sebaka sa kopo
Tšebeliso ea indasteri
1. Acetic acidke sehlahisoa se seholo sa lik'hemik'hale 'me ke e' ngoe ea li-acid tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa.E sebelisoa haholo-holo ho hlahisa ethidine, ethyls le ethyl acetate.Polyetate ethyl ester e ka etsoa filimi le sekhomaretsi, hape ke thepa e tala bakeng sa fiber ea maiketsetso Velun.Ethyl acetic acid cellulose e ka etsa silika ea maiketsetso le lifilimi tsa lifilimi.
2. Ethyl acetate e entsoeng ka joala bo tlaase-tlaase ke solvent e babatsehang 'me e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea pente.Hobane lintho tse ngata tsa manyolo tse qhaqhang acetic acid, acetic acid e boetse e sebelisoa ka tloaelo li-solvents (mohlala, bakeng sa tlhahiso ea phenyl acidic acidic acid).
3. Acetic acid e ka sebelisoa litharollong tse ling tsa pickled le polished, e le buffer (e kang galvanizing le lik'hemik'hale nickel plating) ka tharollo e fokolang ea asiti, ho eketsa li-additives ka hemuminal e khanyang nickel -plated electrolyte, le passivation ea zinki le cadmium. tharollo e ka ntlafatsa matla a tlamang ea filimi ea passivation 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho laola pH ea ho hloekisoa ha acidic e fokolang.
4. E sebelisoa ho hlahisa letsoai la tšepe, joalo ka manganese, sodium, lead, aluminium, zinki, cobalt le lisebelisoa tse ling, tse sebelisoang haholo e le li-catalysts, ho daea masela le liindasteri tsa letlalo la letlalo.Fouritic acid lead ke organic synthetic reagent (e kang tetraitic acid lead e ka sebelisoa e le oxidant e matla, mohloli oa acetyl oxygen, le ho lokisa metsoako ea loto ea organic, joalo-joalo).
5. Acetic acid e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le li-reagents tsa tlhahlobo, motsoako oa manyolo, pigment le motsoako oa meriana.
Tšebeliso ea lijo
Ka indasteri ea lijo,asiti ea acetice sebelisoa e le moemeli oa acidified.Ha moemeli oa monko o monate le linoko li sebelisoa ho etsa asene ea maiketsetso, asiti ea acetic e hlakotsoe ho 4-5%, 'me mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litlolo e kenngoa.Theko e tlaase.E le moemeli ea nang le tatso ea acid, e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa li-seasoning tse kopantsoeng.E lokiselitsoe ho sebelisa asene, makotikoti, jelly le chisi.U ka boela ua etsa li-agent tse nkhang hamonate ka 0.1 ～ 0.3 g/kg.
Polokelo le lipalangoang
Litlhokomelo tsa polokelo: Boloka sebakeng sa polokelo se pholileng, se nang le moea o pholileng.Ipolokele hole le mollo le mocheso.Mariha, mocheso oa polokelo o lokela ho bolokoa ka holimo ho 16 ℃ ho thibela ho tiea.Boloka setshelo se tiisitsoe.E lokela ho bolokoa ka thoko ho oxidant le alkali, 'me ha ea lokela ho tsoakoa.Ho amoheloa lisebelisoa tsa mabone a thibelang ho phatloha le ho kenya moea.Se ke oa sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa mochini le lisebelisoa tse chesehang habonolo.Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa kalafo ea tšohanyetso tse lutlang le lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa ho ts'oara.
Litlhokomelo tsa lipalangoang: Sehlahisoa sena se tla romelloa ke likoloi tsa litanka tsa aluminium tse fanoeng ke likhoebo tsa aluminium nakong ea lipalangoang tsa terene, 'me tumello ea mafapha a amehang e tla tlalehoa pele e romelloa.Lipalangoang tsa terene tse sa kenngoeng ka makotikoting li tla etsoa ho latela lethathamo la thepa e kotsi ea ho paka "Melao ea Lipalangoang tse Kotsi" ea Lekala la Terene.Ho phuthela ho lokela ho phetheha 'me ho roaloa ho bolokehe.Nakong ea lipalangoang, etsa bonnete ba hore setshelo ha se lutle, ha se oa, ha se oa kapa ha senyehe.Koloi (tanka) e sebelisoang lipalangoang e lokela ho ba le ketane ea fatše, 'me ho ka hlophisoa karohano ea sekoti ka har'a sekoti ho fokotsa motlakase o tsitsitseng o hlahisoang ke ho tsosoa.Ho thibetsoe ka thata ho kopanya le lik'hemik'hale tse nang le oxidant, alkali le tse jeoang.Lipalangoang tsa litsela li lokela ho latela tsela e behiloeng, li se ke tsa lula libakeng tsa bolulo le tse nang le baahi ba bangata.
Nako ea poso: Mar-23-2023